The power supply in a PC supplies different voltages to internal devices in a computer through power connectors. These voltages do not have to be exact, but they can only vary up or down by a certain amount, called tolerance.
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Power supply explained
If a power source supplies the parts of a computer with a certain voltage outside this tolerance, the devices being powered may not function properly – or at all.
Below is a table listing the tolerances for each power rail according to version 2.2 of the ATX specification (PDF).
To help when testing a power supply, I've also calculated the minimum and maximum voltages using the tolerances listed. You can refer to the ATX Power Supply Pinout Tables for details on which power connector pins provide which voltage.
